Mu njira zopangira ndi zolumikizirana zamagetsi, zida zolondola, ma semiconductor ndi mafakitale ena, kuopsa kwa magetsi osasunthika kuli ngati "chowononga" chosawoneka, chomwe chingayambitse kutayika kwakukulu mwangozi. Monga chida chofunikira chothanirana ndi vutoli, mabokosi otsutsana ndi static akukhala chisankho chofunikira kwambiri kwa makampani kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha zinthu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito awo apadera. Zotsatirazi zikuwunika kufunika ndi ubwino wofunikira wogwiritsa ntchito mabokosi otsutsana ndi static ochokera m'magawo anayi ofunikira.
1. Yang'anani mwachindunji zoopsa zobisika za magetsi osasinthasintha ndikupanga mzere wolimba wachitetezo cha zinthu
Kuwonongeka kwa magetsi osasunthika ku zigawo zamagetsi kumabisika komanso kumachedwa. Ngakhale kutulutsa mphamvu kofooka kumatha kuswa kapangidwe ka mkati mwa chip ndikuwononga magawo a circuit, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chitayike nthawi yomweyo kapena kulephera mwadzidzidzi pakugwiritsa ntchito pambuyo pake. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za deta yamakampani, kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magetsi osasunthika mumakampani opanga zamagetsi kumayimira 25%-30% ya kutayika konse.
Mabokosi osinthira magetsi osagwirizana ndi static amapangidwa ndi zinthu zapadera zosagwirizana ndi static, ndipo kukana kwawo pamwamba kumayendetsedwa bwino pakati pa 10⁶-10¹¹Ω. Amatha kutulutsa mwachangu ma static charges pansi kudzera muzinthu zawo zoyendetsera kuti apewe kusonkhanitsa ma charge m'bokosi. Kaya ndi zinthu zolondola monga ma integrated circuits ndi ma PCB board, kapena zinthu zodziwika bwino monga mikanda ya nyali ya LED ndi masensa, amatha kutetezedwa nthawi zonse panthawi yosinthira magetsi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi magetsi osagwirizana ndi static kuchokera ku gwero, ndikuchepetsa mwachindunji kutayika kwa ndalama zopanga za kampaniyo.
2. Konzani kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka zinthu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito
Mabokosi osinthira zinthu nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto la "fumbi lothira madzi mokhazikika" akagwiritsidwa ntchito. Fumbi lalikulu lomwe limayikidwa pamwamba pa chinthucho silimangokhudza ubwino wa chinthucho, komanso limafuna anthu ena owonjezera kuti ayeretsedwe. Bokosi losinthira zinthu mokhazikika lingathe kuchepetsa bwino vuto la kuthira madzi mokhazikika, kusunga malo omwe ali mkati mwa bokosilo kukhala oyera, ndikuchepetsa ntchito yoyeretsa.
Nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe ka bokosi la zinthu zotsutsana ndi static kamaganizira bwino momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito m'mafakitale: mafotokozedwe ndi kukula kofanana ndizoyenera kulongedza ndi kusungira, kusunga malo osungira; mitundu ina ili ndi zogwirira zotsutsana ndi kutsetsereka ndi zomangira zisa, zomwe sizivuta kutsetsereka panthawi yoyendera, ndipo zimatha kuyikidwa mokhazikika kuti zichepetse kugwedezeka ndi kugundana panthawi yoyendera. Kaya ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito mkati mwa workshop kapena mayendedwe ataliatali kudutsa fakitale, zimatha kukonza bwino kunyamula ndi kutsitsa katundu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito malo, ndikupangitsa kuti ulalo wazinthu ukhale wosalala.
3. Sinthani malinga ndi zosowa za zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito
Bokosi loletsa kusinthasintha silimangokhala pa chinthu chimodzi chokha. Kapangidwe kake kosiyanasiyana kamathandiza kuti likwaniritse zosowa zapadera za mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pazinthu zomwe zimafunika kutetezedwa ku kuwala, bokosi loletsa kusinthasintha lokhala ndi mthunzi lingasankhidwe; pazinthu zomwe zimafunika kupuma bwino, kalembedwe kake kokhala ndi dzenje kangasinthidwe.
Kuphatikiza apo, bokosi loletsa kusinthasintha lingagwiritsidwenso ntchito limodzi ndi mabenchi ogwirira ntchito oletsa kusinthasintha, magalimoto osinthira ndi zida zina kuti apange dongosolo lathunthu loletsa kusinthasintha kuti zitsimikizire kuti njira yonse kuyambira pakupanga mpaka kulongedza, kusunga ndi kunyamula zinthu zili bwino, zomwe zimapatsa mabizinesi njira yolumikizirana yoletsa kusinthasintha.
4. Kuonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndikuchepetsa mtengo wonse
Mabokosi abwino kwambiri oletsa kusinthasintha amapangidwa ndi mapulasitiki osinthidwa amphamvu kwambiri. Ndi osasunthika, osagwa, komanso osasunthika kutentha kwambiri komanso kotsika. Amathabe kugwira ntchito bwino pamalo otentha kuyambira -30℃ mpaka 60℃, ndipo nthawi yawo yogwira ntchito imatha kufika zaka 3-5, zomwe ndi zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa mabokosi wamba opangidwa ndi pulasitiki.
Ngakhale mtengo wogulira koyamba wa mabokosi oletsa kusinthasintha ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa wa mabokosi achikhalidwe osinthira, pamapeto pake, kutayika kwawo kwa zinthu, kuchepa kwa ndalama zoyeretsera, komanso nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito zitha kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito za kampaniyo, makamaka makampani opanga zinthu zambiri komanso opanga zinthu zambiri pafupipafupi.
Mwachidule, mabokosi oteteza magetsi a ESD sikuti ndi "chishango choteteza" ku zoopsa za magetsi osasunthika, komanso "chothandizira" kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino komanso kuchepetsa ndalama. Masiku ano, pakufunika zinthu zolondola komanso zotetezeka, kusankha bokosi loteteza magetsi loyenera ndi njira yanzeru kwa makampani kuti atsimikizire kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso kuti msika ukhale wabwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-11-2025
